chem quiz 1

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chem quiz 1

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Ten Cations

Na+, NH4+, Ag+, Fe3++, Al3+, Cr3+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Ni2+, Zn2+

Sodium Detection

Flame Test-- yellow flame

Ammonium Detection

Add OH- and get NH3-- litmus paper turns blue

Silver Detection

Add HCl, precipitates out as AgCl

Silver Confirmation

Add NH3 to "AgCl", it will dissolve and reprecipitate

Separating Iron, Aluminum and Chromium

Add an NH3 buffer.
All will precipitate out

Color of Iron precipitate

Rust

Color of Chromium precipitate

gray green

Color of Aluminum Precipitate

colorless

Detection of Iron

Add NaOH and H2O2, then add acid, and K4[Fe(CN)6], bright blue precipitate

Detection of Chromium

Addition of Ba2+ after basification and acidification creates Yellow Precipitate

Detection of Aluminum

Dissolve colorless precipitate in acid, add NH3 and Aluminon reagant. This will create a red lake effect.

Separation of Calcium

Precipitate out using C2O42- ,making a salt

Detection of calcium

could be confused with Mg2+. Dissolve salt in acid. Flame test: Brick Red

Separation of Zinc

ammonium would interfere. Make sure to evaporate to dryness. Use strongly basic solution to then precipitate out Nickel and Magnesium. Zinc is left in supernatant

Detection of Zinc

Precipitate out using an acid. Blue-gray salt.

Separation of Nickel

Dissolve in Ammonia

Detection of Nickel

Add dimethylglyoxime. Strawberry red precipitate

Separation & Detection of Magnesium

Dissolve hydroxide in acid. Reprecipitate using magnesium reagent. Blue lake effect.