Health
A complete state of social, physically and mental well being. Not the absence of disease
Mental Health
When a person can realize their potential and cope with normal stress of life
Mental Illness
Condition in which someone's mood or behaviour negatively impacts their day-to-day functioning
Passive
allowing or accepting what happens without any resistance
Assertive
Having or showing a confidence personality without being agressive
Aggression
pursing one aims with force
Illness- Wellness Continuum
Left- RIght
Illness
Signs and Symptoms
Neutral
Well-Being and Growth
Wellness
Maslows Heirarchy of Needs
Top - Bottom
Self Actualization
Self Esteem
Love and Beloning
Safety Needs
Physioogical Needs
3 Types of Downtime
Rest time
Recreation time
Relationship time
Rest time
time where you set aside all things to fully rest your body (napping)
Recreation Time
time you set aside to do activities you like
Relationship Time
time you set aside for family and friends
Emotions and Feelings
- total body reaction
- lymbic and nervous system
- contagious
- can be surpressed but is not good
Emotions
feeling one at a time
6 emotions: anger, fear, joy, happy, surprised and disgust
short time
involuntary
Feelings
feeling one or more emotion at the time
long term
voluntary
Social Determinants of Mental Health
income
education
unemployment and job security
employment and working conditions
early childhood development
food security
social security status
social exclusion
housing
gender
race
indigenous status
disability
Assertiveness Template
when i see you...
i feel...
because...
would you be willing to
Saying No Template
I understand...
But I...
so i need to say no
4 Signs and Symptoms of Stress
Congnitive
Physical
Emotional
Behavioural
Cognitive Signs and Symptoms
memory loss
poor judgment inability to concentrate
memory loss
anxiety or racing thoughts
Physical Signs and Symptoms
Pains
Tiredness
racing heartbeat
Nauseus
Emotional Symptoms
short temper
can't relax
feeling alone
Behavioural Symptoms
Eating
Sleeping
Alcohol abuse
Coping Strategies for stress
downtime
time management
sleep
having goals
sense of humour
resilience
breathing
good environment
Downtime
1 hour a day
1 day a week
1 week per 12 weeks
Time-Management Skills
prioritize
delegate
extra time
don't be a perfectionist
don't procrastinate
say no
CAMH
centre for Addiction and Mental Health
DSM
diagnostic and statistical manual for mental health
- states criteria for classifying mental health
-DSM 5 is the most recent
-mental illness can be added or taken away
5 types of mental disorders
1. Anxiety Disorder
2. Mood disorder
3. Borderline personality disorder
4. Eating disorder
5. Psychotic disorder
Causes of Mental disorder
-environment
-genetics
-psychology
-biology
concurrent disorder
when person has both an addiction and a mental illness
- leads to duel diagnosis
stigma
prejudice and discrimination against those with mental health disorders
Stigma can
stop people from seeking treatment
affects well-being
affects self-esteem
affects how other others see people when ill, getting treatment and well again
statistics on how many people are affected by mental health
1 in 5 Canadians
Effects of Stigma
self esteem
lack of medical care
depression
social isolation
4 recovery factors of mental illness
40% friends, family and hobbies
30% relationships
15% medications
15% hope of recovery
We can end stigma by
- being aware of labels
-being aware of language
- being aware of own stigma
- putting yourself in others shoes
Anxiety
anxiety is a mood disorder which can be influenced by genetics, hormones, medical condition or big life changes
Fear vs. Anxiey
fear:
- instinctive response to stimulus
-short term
-actual threat in the moment
-adrenline and corsiln passes through the body for short terms
Anxiety:
- learned response to stimulus
- long term
- adreline and corisol is passed through the body all the time
-percieved threat in the future
Affects of Anxiety
- Mind
- Body
- Language
When is Anxiety diagnosed
person is experiencing symptoms for 6 months or more
Amygdala
regulates our response to fear and produces a fight, flight or freeze response
Situational Anxiety
arises in certain situations
Spontanous Anxiety
arises with no stimulation
4 main types of anxiety disorders
Panic Disorder
Social Anxiety
OCD
General anxiety disorder
Panic Disorder
frequent panic attacks
4 or more symptoms, shortness of breath, nausea, sweating, and shaking hands
Social Anxiety
Most common
has to do with being surrounded by big groups and speaking in public
General Anxiety Disorder
constant anxiety without panic attacks
Obsessive Complusive Disorder
Behaviours or rituals to help with anxiety
common:
- washing
-cleaning
-counting
Treatment for Anxiety
Medication
Anti- depressants
Exposure
Excerise
Good nutrition
Therapy
Sadness
follows an events, lifts after a few weeks and returns to normal activities
Depression
no stimulus, does not lift after a few weeks and does not go back to normal acitivites
Clinical Depression
no clear cause, lasts for a few months and effects daily life
Statistics for depression
10-25% of woman experience depression
10-15% of men experience depression
Causes of Depression
- seratonin and dopamine regulate mood
- stress
- brain inflammation
Bipolar Disorder
mood disorder that affects how a person thinks, behaves and functions
Two types of bipolar disorder
bipolar I
- mania lasts 7 days
- despression state last for 2 weeks
bipolar II
-mania is less servere and shorter
-depression state is longer
Facts on bipolar
1-2% of people
men and women are affected the same
ages 17-21
hereditary
3 Stages of Bipolar
High state called mania
Low state called depression
Well state of feeling balanced
Schizophenia
pyschotic disorder, characterized by a profound distruption in perception, language and sense of self
Facts on Schizophrenia
1/100
men- from teens to 20's
women- 20's-30's
effects men and women at the same rate
Statistics of schizophrenia
30% mental health facility with medication
30% takes medication and can live on own, with symptoms
30% stop having symptoms with medication
10% die by suicide
Disordered Eating
Having some unhealthy eating behaviours and worrying about body image
Eating Disorders
form on mental illness where there is excessive concern with body weight, body image and food
Types of Eating Disorder
Anorexia
Anorexia Atheletica
Bulimia
Binge Eating Disorders
Other Specialized Feeding or Eating Disorders
Anorexia
excesive concern with gaining weight or becoming fat
persistant behaviour that interferes with aqequate weight for health
Anorexia atheletica
similar to anorexia but involving a physical activity
Bulimia
reccuring periods of food restriciton followed by binge eating
Binge Eating disorder
Cosumming large amount of food in a short period of time
Natural Ways to Treat Mental Illness
exercise
relaxation techniques
reducing stress
good nutrition
support from others
therapy
Most Common Medications
- SSRI anti-depressants
- BZ's
- Antipsychotics
SSRI anti-depressants
ex. prozac
allowing brain to be less sensitive to change and more stable
pros:
- helps with anxiety, depression and OCD
-safe to use
- non-addictive
cons:
- side effects
- expensive
- one year to work
BZ antidepressents
ex. Xanax
depress entire nervous system
pros:
- work fast
- take as you need
- only need a small dose
- less side effects
cons:
- addictive
- only work as you use them
Anti Pyschotics
supress hallucinaions and mood swings
pros:
- may stop symptoms
cons:
- takes 2-4 weeks to work
- addictive and need help to stop
Addiction
the peristance of a behaviour that provides pleasure and satisifies desires despite the negative consequences outweighting positive effects
someone in recovery may want to
1. stop behaviour fully
2. reduce frequencies of behaviour
3. stop one behaviour but not another ( in cases of duel diagnosis)
Treatments for Addiction
therapy
medication
pyscho eduction
treatment centres
4 C's of addiction
- CRAVING
- COMPULSION to use
- use despite negative CONSEQUENCES
- loss of CONTROL
Stages of Change
Pre- Contemplation: Making Excuses
Contemplation: Weighing options
Preparation: Looking for help
Action: Initial sobreity
Maintance: Support from others
Terminance: Relapse
OMHA
- ontario mental health act
- regulates the adminstration of mental health care
HCCA
Health care consent act
Consent must be
1. Capable- made by someone who is fully capable
2. Informed- doctor must tell person all possible benefits and risks
3. Voluntary- person can't be forced into making decision