American Republic Chapter 13

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Which section of the country had the most large cities?

North

2.) What were two of the major occupations in the North?

Merchants, factory workers, and owners of small farms.

3.) What was the major occupation in the South?

Plantations, farmers, agriculture

4.) Why was the North willing to pay higher taxes?

They wanted internal improvements, and the best way to get money for this was from general taxes, and for local services.

5.) Why was the South reluctant about the addition of new states?

If the states came in as free states, then representation in Congress would be off, and they might make a law to outlaw slavery.

6.) How did each side view the federal government?

The North favored a strong, central placed views on Article VI. The South thought best gov. was at state/local levels, emphasis on states rights, placed views on Amendment X.

7.) Why was slavery necessary to the South's way of life?

It was their way for economic success, and it came from cotton grown by slave labor.

8.) What was the name for the movement to do away with slavery?

Abolitionism

9.) Give two reasons why slavery was "peculiar" in America.

It involved only those of African descent, became a permanent condition for most slaves, and was the result of buying stolen Africans and selling them.

10.) Who was the abolitionist who published the anti-slavery newspaper The Liberator?

William Lloyd Garrison

11.) What was the Underground Railroad?

A network of people who aided runaway slaves; conductors hid by day, gave directions to next station by night

12.) Which black leader made speeches against slavery in the US and Britain?

Frederick Douglas

13.) Which black leader became known as the "Moses" of her people?

Harriet Tubman

14.) What book rallied the North against the South?

Uncle Tom's Cabin

15.) Who was the author of this book?

Harriet Beecher Stowe

16.) Why did Kansas become known as "Bleeding Kansas"?

There was so much bitter hatred and fighting from the Kansas-Nebraska Act over slavery that people began openly fighting.

17.) What abolitionist tried to lead a raid on the arsenal in Harpers Ferry, VA?

John Brown

18.) What new political party was founded as an anti-slavery party?

The Republicans

19.) Who was the first presidential candidate from this party?

John C. Fremont

20.) Why did Dred Scott sue his master's family?

They moved to Wisconsin/Illinois, and by the Northwest Ordinance of 1787, he was a free man on that soil.

21.) What were two of the things the Supreme Court decided in the Dred Scott case?

Scott could not sue because he wasn't a US citizen, Congress could not prohibit slavery in the territiories, and residence in a free state does not guarentee freedom.

22.) Who was the Republican candidate in the election of 1860?

Abraham Lincoln

23.) Which party had two candidates in the election of 1860?

The Democrats

24.) What sections of the country did Lincoln carry in the election?

The North and the western states

25.) What does the term "secede" mean?

The leave or separate, in this case, the Union

26.) What was the first state to secede?

South Carolina

27.) Who did the Southern states choose as their president?

Jefferson Davis

28.) What name did the South choose for itself?

The Confederate States of America

29.) On what date did the Civil War begin with the firing on Fort Sumter?

April 12, 1861

30.) What were the four border states and on which side did they fight?

Delaware, Kentucky, Missouri, and Maryland-on the Union

31.) Name two weaknesses and three strengths for the North.

W-Larger area to defend, manucfactoring had to turn to war productions
s-120,00 factories, added about 300,000 immigrants a year, much manpower-larger population

32.) Name two weaknesses and three strengths for the South.

W-smaller population, little industry and transportation
S-Fighting defensively at home, battle-experiences and outstanding generals, had simple goal to set up and defend nation

33.) Why did the Confederacy fire on Fort Sumter?

They told Lincoln to NOT send supplies and Lincoln still sent the supplies

34.) What is popular sovereignty?

The states/territories choose for themselves about slavery being allowed or not.

35.) Who led the troops to Harper's Ferry to capture John Brown?

Robert E. Lee

36.) Who was the president of the Confederacy?

Jefferson Davis

37.) Who was the "Moses" of the Underground Railroad?

Harriet Tubman

38.) How were slaves acquired?

They were sold by warring African tribes and captured in Africa, put onto Middle Passage where 1 in 7-8 or 1 in 4 died along to way to America until this was outlawed in 1808 and all slaves were trapped in America.

39.) How were the slaves treated?

MP-Chained together, poor sanitation, disease spread easily. US-Depending on the master, they were either treated well or abused. Field or household slave (field treated worse), gang/task system, feared being "sold down the river"

40.) What was the northern views of slavery?

Opposed, saw as a great evil, gradual/compensated emancipation, did not oppose racism

41.) What were the Southern views of slavery?

Defended, economic success depended on it, the way of life, a necessary evil, S-Christians said to end evils of slavery, defended on constitutional grounds.

42.) what was the black response to slavery?

They saw it as morally wrong, tried to run away on the Underground Railroad, a few slave rebellions started

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