"Hazards and disasters", "- Extreme events are unusual events (from a statistical perspective) that do not necessarily cause harm.<br /> - Hazards are extreme events that cause harm to humans or human infrastructure.<br /> - Disasters are hazards that cause harm in significant amounts and exceed our capability to cope and respond." "Exposure", "Exposure to a hazards is the potential of a region to be affected and/or harmed by hazards." "The Aral Sea Crisis (causes)", "- Endorheic Lake in Central Asia, between Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan<br /> - Inflows: the Syr Darya (north) and Amu Darya (south)<br /> - From 1960 to 2014 the sea lost 90% of its water volume<br /> - Causes : the diversion of the inflows' waters for large scale irrigation of cotton by the Soviet Union<br /> - High temperatures resulted in high evaporation (and consequently high salinity levels)<br /> - As there are no outflows, all the pesticides and fertilisers used ended in the Aral Sea" "Aral Sea crisis (consequences)", "- Loss of biodiversity and shortage of drinking water due to pollution, biological weapons test, low water volume and high salinity.<br /> - Soil degradation (loss of flora, so very little roots to hold the soil together + contaminated/dusty dust blows from the exposed dried lakebed)<br /> - Decreased income and quality of life (decreased fishery, increased morbidity rates, unsuitable conditions for agriculture, shortage of drinking water)"
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