"Atom", "The smallest portion of an element found in the periodic chart; examples include carbon, oxygen, gold" "Biomolecule", "An organic molecule produced by a living organisn" "Chemical bond", "A connection made between atoms when electrons are attracted, shared, or transferred" "Condensation Reaction", "A chemical reaction that combines smaller molecules and forms water as a byproduct; the reaction is often used to form polymers" "Covalent bond", "A chemical bond formed when elements share electrons" "Hydrolysis reaction", "A chemical reaction between water and another molecule that breaks down the molecule into simpler molecules; the reaction splits a water molecule to break apart a polymer into the monomers" "Inorganic molecule", "A molecule that is not organic; most do not include carbon; examples include water, ammonia, table salt, and carbon dioxide" "Ion", "An electrically charged atom that has either gained or lose electrons" "Ionic bond", "A chemical bond formed when elements transfer electrons" "Macro molecules", "The large biomolecules that make up living organisms; include proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nuclei acids" "Molecule", "A chemical combination of two or more atoms that forms a separate substance; for example one molecule of water is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom" "Monomer", "A small molecule that may be chemically bonded to other like molecules to form a polymer" "Organic molecules", "carbon containing molecules that are generally associated with living with organisms" "Polymerization", "The chemical process of combining monomers to form a polymer; often uses condensation reactions" "Polymer", "A long chain of monomers" "Carbohydrate", "An organic molecule made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen" "Cellulose", "A polysaccharide used in the cell walls of plants to give cells structural support" "Chitin", "A polysaccharide that contains nitrogen groups" "Disaccharide", "A polymer of two simple sugars combined into one molecule" "Glucose", "A monosaccharide produced by plants during photosynthesis" "Glycogen", "A polysaccharide made by animal cells to store energy" "Monosaccharide", "A simple sugar" "Polysaccharide", "A polymer of sugar, meaning a long chain of sugar molecules chemically linked together" "Saccharide", "Another name for sugar or for a sugar polymer" "Starch", "A polysaccharide made by plants to store energy" "Cholesterol", "A type of steroid used in cell membranes and also used to make steroid hormones" "Fat", "A type of lipid used to store energy and a source of fatty acids" "Fatty acid", "AN organic acid that contains a long chain of hydrocarbons" "Hydrophilic", "Attracted to water" "Hydrophobic", "Repelled by water" "Lipids", "Organic molecules made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but unlike carbohydrates, they do not dissolve in water" "Monounsaturated fat", "A fat that has one double carbon to carbon bond" "Phospholipid", "A type of lipid that helps to make up cell membranes" "Polyunsaturated fat", "A fat that has more than one double to carbon bond" "Saturated fat", "A fat that has all single carbon to carbon bonds and the maximum number of hydrogens attached to each carbon" "Steriod", "A type of lipid that can be present in cell membranes or can make up certain hormones" "Wax", "a type of lipid that is used to water proof leaves, skin, feathers, etc" "amino acids", "organic molecules that are building blocks of protein" "nitrogen", "an element found amino acids and proteins but NOT typically found in carbohydrates or fats" "peptide bond", "the bond between each amino acid in a protein" "polypeptide", "a chain of amino acids" "protein", "an organic molecule with many important functions; the main structural component of muscle, skin, bone, ect" "activation energy", "the energy needed for a chemical reaction to take place" "active site", "the part of an enzyme that "attaches to" a substrate" "catalyst", "a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed in the reaction" "denature", "to change the structure of a protein so that it no longer functions in the same way" "enzyme", "a biological catalyst that enables chemical reactions to take place in cells" "enzyme-substrate complex", "the structure that is formed when a substrate binds to the active site of an enzyme" "metabolic pathway", "a series of reactions, one after another, that occurs in a cell" "pH", "a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a substance" "substate", "a substance that is changed by an enzyme"
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